5.6 Transportation Demand Management

5.6 交通需求管理

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Even if a project is in a densely developed, walkable area with lots of amenities, its location can still be difficult for many people to get to. It is important to consider how people travel to and from the project site.	即使项目位于拥有大量便利设施的密集开发、步行友好的区域，其位置对许多人来说可能仍然难以到达。重要的是要考虑人们如何往返项目场地。
The widespread prevalence of single-occupancy vehicles (also known as single-passenger vehicles), regardless of their fuel source, has many costs, including noise pollution, environmental damage from building and repairing roadways, hazardous emissions from tires as they wear, and the space that the infrastructure to support driving requires.	单人乘坐车辆（也称为单人乘用车）的广泛普及，无论其燃料来源如何，都带来了许多代价，包括噪音污染、建设和维修道路造成的环境破坏、轮胎磨损产生的有害排放物，以及支持驾驶的基础设施所需的空间。
A key metric for project owners and operators to consider is vehicle miles traveled (VMT), which is the estimated annual sum of miles traveled by people driving to and from the project site.	项目业主和运营商需要考虑的一个关键指标是车辆行驶里程（VMT），即驾车往返项目场地人员的年行驶里程估计总和。
Green Building Strategies / 绿色建筑策略
Green buildings leverage sustainable location and transportation strategies to reduce the prevalence of single-occupancy vehicles commuting to and from the project site, thus reducing the project's VMT.	绿色建筑利用可持续的选址和交通策略来减少单人乘坐车辆往返项目场地的普遍程度，从而降低项目的VMT。
Project teams take a holistic approach to reducing VMT through transportation demand management (TDM), which is a set of strategies aimed at maximizing traveler choices to encourage more sustainable transportation decisions. TDM leverages both existing infrastructure and design choices to influence travel behavior by making alternatives to single-occupancy vehicles more efficient and attractive.	项目团队通过交通需求管理（TDM）采取整体方法来降低VMT。TDM是一组旨在最大化出行者选择以鼓励更可持续交通决策的策略。TDM利用现有基础设施和设计选择，通过使单人乘坐车辆的替代方案更高效、更有吸引力来影响出行行为。
TDM can be used in two main ways to reduce VMT:	TDM主要通过两种方式来降低VMT：
Through disincentives that discourage people from driving single-passenger cars — for example, charging parking fees or reducing the parking footprint (the number of available parking spots) of the building. Through incentives that encourage other forms of transportation — for example, offering discounted transit passes or providing infrastructure to support walking and cycling.	通过抑制措施阻止人们驾驶单人乘坐车辆——例如，收取停车费或减少建筑的停车占地（可用停车位数量）。通过激励措施鼓励其他交通方式——例如，提供打折的公共交通通行证或提供支持步行和骑行的基础设施。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Even if a project is in a densely developed, walkable area with lots of amenities, its location can still be difficult for many people to get to. It is important to consider how people travel to and from the project site.

即使项目位于拥有大量便利设施的密集开发、步行友好的区域，其位置对许多人来说可能仍然难以到达。重要的是要考虑人们如何往返项目场地。

The widespread prevalence of single-occupancy vehicles (also known as single-passenger vehicles), regardless of their fuel source, has many costs, including noise pollution, environmental damage from building and repairing roadways, hazardous emissions from tires as they wear, and the space that the infrastructure to support driving requires.

单人乘坐车辆（也称为单人乘用车）的广泛普及，无论其燃料来源如何，都带来了许多代价，包括噪音污染、建设和维修道路造成的环境破坏、轮胎磨损产生的有害排放物，以及支持驾驶的基础设施所需的空间。

A key metric for project owners and operators to consider is vehicle miles traveled (VMT), which is the estimated annual sum of miles traveled by people driving to and from the project site.

项目业主和运营商需要考虑的一个关键指标是车辆行驶里程（VMT），即驾车往返项目场地人员的年行驶里程估计总和。

Green Building Strategies / 绿色建筑策略

Green buildings leverage sustainable location and transportation strategies to reduce the prevalence of single-occupancy vehicles commuting to and from the project site, thus reducing the project's VMT.

绿色建筑利用可持续的选址和交通策略来减少单人乘坐车辆往返项目场地的普遍程度，从而降低项目的VMT。

Project teams take a holistic approach to reducing VMT through transportation demand management (TDM), which is a set of strategies aimed at maximizing traveler choices to encourage more sustainable transportation decisions. TDM leverages both existing infrastructure and design choices to influence travel behavior by making alternatives to single-occupancy vehicles more efficient and attractive.

项目团队通过交通需求管理（TDM）采取整体方法来降低VMT。TDM是一组旨在最大化出行者选择以鼓励更可持续交通决策的策略。TDM利用现有基础设施和设计选择，通过使单人乘坐车辆的替代方案更高效、更有吸引力来影响出行行为。

TDM can be used in two main ways to reduce VMT:

TDM主要通过两种方式来降低VMT：

Through disincentives that discourage people from driving single-passenger cars — for example, charging parking fees or reducing the parking footprint (the number of available parking spots) of the building.
Through incentives that encourage other forms of transportation — for example, offering discounted transit passes or providing infrastructure to support walking and cycling.

通过抑制措施阻止人们驾驶单人乘坐车辆——例如，收取停车费或减少建筑的停车占地（可用停车位数量）。
通过激励措施鼓励其他交通方式——例如，提供打折的公共交通通行证或提供支持步行和骑行的基础设施。