4.4 Life-Cycle Costing | LEED GA Study Guide

4.4 生命周期成本分析

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Budgets are a reality of all building projects. An integrative process does impact a project's budget — most notably the timing of when money is spent. An integrative process does not typically cost more, but it does shift costs to an earlier phase compared with conventional practices. This is because more time and teamwork are required during the discovery phase, when project teams develop collaborative relationships, set goals, and conduct analysis before they can make or implement decisions.	预算是所有建筑项目的现实。整合过程确实会影响项目预算——最明显的是资金支出的时间。整合过程通常不会花费更多，但相比传统做法，它确实将成本转移到更早的阶段。这是因为在发现阶段需要更多的时间和团队合作，项目团队在做出或实施决策之前建立协作关系、设定目标并进行研究分析。
Green building projects invest more time and money upfront to implement an integrative process. However, this upfront investment can have several benefits that save both time and money later in the process and improve building performance.	绿色建筑项目在前期投入更多的时间和金钱来实施整合过程。然而，这种前期投资可以带来多项收益，在后续过程中节省时间和金钱，并改善建筑性能。
Benefits of an integrative process:	整合过程的收益：
• More efficient solutions	• 更高效的解决方案
• Fewer design changes later in the process	• 后期更少的设计变更
• A smoother commissioning process	• 更顺畅的调试过程
These money-saving opportunities associated with an integrative process can be demonstrated through life-cycle costing, an integrative method that looks at purchase and operating costs as well as relative savings over the life of the project. It calculates payback periods for first costs — the time it takes for a strategy to pay for itself during operation — thus providing a context for making decisions about initial investments.	与整合过程相关的节约成本机会可以通过生命周期成本分析来证明，这是一种整合方法，考察采购成本、运营成本以及项目全寿命周期内的相对节省。它计算初始成本的回收期——即某项策略在运营中收回自身成本所需的时间——从而为初始投资决策提供依据。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Budgets are a reality of all building projects. An integrative process does impact a project's budget — most notably the timing of when money is spent. An integrative process does not typically cost more, but it does shift costs to an earlier phase compared with conventional practices. This is because more time and teamwork are required during the discovery phase, when project teams develop collaborative relationships, set goals, and conduct analysis before they can make or implement decisions.

预算是所有建筑项目的现实。整合过程确实会影响项目预算——最明显的是资金支出的时间。整合过程通常不会花费更多，但相比传统做法，它确实将成本转移到更早的阶段。这是因为在发现阶段需要更多的时间和团队合作，项目团队在做出或实施决策之前建立协作关系、设定目标并进行研究分析。

Green building projects invest more time and money upfront to implement an integrative process. However, this upfront investment can have several benefits that save both time and money later in the process and improve building performance.

绿色建筑项目在前期投入更多的时间和金钱来实施整合过程。然而，这种前期投资可以带来多项收益，在后续过程中节省时间和金钱，并改善建筑性能。

Benefits of an integrative process:

整合过程的收益：

• More efficient solutions

• 更高效的解决方案

• Fewer design changes later in the process

• 后期更少的设计变更

• A smoother commissioning process

• 更顺畅的调试过程

These money-saving opportunities associated with an integrative process can be demonstrated through life-cycle costing, an integrative method that looks at purchase and operating costs as well as relative savings over the life of the project. It calculates payback periods for first costs — the time it takes for a strategy to pay for itself during operation — thus providing a context for making decisions about initial investments.

与整合过程相关的节约成本机会可以通过生命周期成本分析来证明，这是一种整合方法，考察采购成本、运营成本以及项目全寿命周期内的相对节省。它计算初始成本的回收期——即某项策略在运营中收回自身成本所需的时间——从而为初始投资决策提供依据。