4.1 Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Terms

4.1 整合过程、规划与评估术语

Integrative Process / 整合过程

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Integrative process: An interdisciplinary collaboration method that helps project teams find interrelated solutions that enhance one another to meet everyone's needs. The process enables early and ongoing collaboration and strategy development to reduce costs, support health and well-being, and improve environmental performance.	整合过程：一种跨学科协作方法，帮助项目团队找到相互关联、相互增强的解决方案，以满足各方需求。该过程支持早期和持续的协作及策略制定，以降低成本、支持健康与福祉，并改善环境绩效。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Integrative process: An interdisciplinary collaboration method that helps project teams find interrelated solutions that enhance one another to meet everyone's needs. The process enables early and ongoing collaboration and strategy development to reduce costs, support health and well-being, and improve environmental performance.

整合过程：一种跨学科协作方法，帮助项目团队找到相互关联、相互增强的解决方案，以满足各方需求。该过程支持早期和持续的协作及策略制定，以降低成本、支持健康与福祉，并改善环境绩效。

Integrative Mindsets / 整合思维

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Iterative decision-making: A process in which solutions can be examined through different perspectives, scales, and levels of detail, and then refined. The details of a project come into focus gradually, so allowing feedback loops and re-evaluation to occur throughout the process enables a team to make better decisions.	迭代决策：一种通过不同视角、尺度和细节层级来审视和优化解决方案的过程。项目细节逐步聚焦，因此允许在整个过程中进行反馈循环和重新评估，使团队能做出更优决策。
Life-cycle approach: An approach that looks at all stages of a project, product, or system rather than at a single snapshot.	生命周期方法：一种审视项目、产品或系统所有阶段而非单一快照的方法。
Systems thinking: Understanding individual elements and their relationship to the whole.	系统思维：理解各个要素及其与整体的关系。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Iterative decision-making: A process in which solutions can be examined through different perspectives, scales, and levels of detail, and then refined. The details of a project come into focus gradually, so allowing feedback loops and re-evaluation to occur throughout the process enables a team to make better decisions.

迭代决策：一种通过不同视角、尺度和细节层级来审视和优化解决方案的过程。项目细节逐步聚焦，因此允许在整个过程中进行反馈循环和重新评估，使团队能做出更优决策。

Life-cycle approach: An approach that looks at all stages of a project, product, or system rather than at a single snapshot.

生命周期方法：一种审视项目、产品或系统所有阶段而非单一快照的方法。

Systems thinking: Understanding individual elements and their relationship to the whole.

系统思维：理解各个要素及其与整体的关系。

Life-Cycle Costing / 生命周期成本分析

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Life-cycle costing: An integrative method that looks at purchase and operating costs as well as relative savings over the life of the project. It calculates payback periods for first costs — the time it takes for a strategy to pay for itself during operation — thus providing a context for making decisions about initial investments.	生命周期成本分析：一种整合方法，考察采购成本、运营成本以及项目全寿命周期内的相对节省。它计算初始成本的回收期——即某项策略在运营中收回自身成本所需的时间——从而为初始投资决策提供依据。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Life-cycle costing: An integrative method that looks at purchase and operating costs as well as relative savings over the life of the project. It calculates payback periods for first costs — the time it takes for a strategy to pay for itself during operation — thus providing a context for making decisions about initial investments.

生命周期成本分析：一种整合方法，考察采购成本、运营成本以及项目全寿命周期内的相对节省。它计算初始成本的回收期——即某项策略在运营中收回自身成本所需的时间——从而为初始投资决策提供依据。

Integrative Process in Practice / 实践中的整合过程

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Commissioning provider: An individual who facilitates communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to ensure that complex systems are installed and functioning in accordance with the owner's project requirements for a construction or retrofit project.	调试提供者：在新建或改造项目中，促进业主、设计师和承包商之间沟通的个人，确保复杂系统按照业主项目要求安装和运行。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Commissioning provider: An individual who facilitates communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to ensure that complex systems are installed and functioning in accordance with the owner's project requirements for a construction or retrofit project.

调试提供者：在新建或改造项目中，促进业主、设计师和承包商之间沟通的个人，确保复杂系统按照业主项目要求安装和运行。

Social Equity / 社会公平

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Environmental justice: Allowing all people to enjoy the same degree of protection from environmental and health hazards; have equal access to decision-making processes; and have equitable access to a healthy, sustainable, and resilient environment.	环境正义：使所有人享有同等程度的环境和健康危害防护；享有平等的决策参与权；享有公平获取健康、可持续和韧性环境的权利。
Fenceline communities: Groups of people who live near polluting industrial facilities or highways and are directly affected by noise and polluting emissions.	围栏社区：居住在污染工业设施或高速公路附近、直接受到噪音和污染排放影响的人群。
Social determinants of health: Non-medical factors that influence health outcomes. They include the conditions in the environments where people are born and live, like access to healthy foods, green spaces, and safe schools. Social determinants of health affect quality of life and a wide range of health outcomes and risks.	健康的社会决定因素：影响健康结果的非医学因素。包括人们出生和生活环境中的条件，如健康食品、绿色空间和安全学校的可及性。健康的社会决定因素影响生活质量和广泛的健康结果与风险。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Environmental justice: Allowing all people to enjoy the same degree of protection from environmental and health hazards; have equal access to decision-making processes; and have equitable access to a healthy, sustainable, and resilient environment.

环境正义：使所有人享有同等程度的环境和健康危害防护；享有平等的决策参与权；享有公平获取健康、可持续和韧性环境的权利。

Fenceline communities: Groups of people who live near polluting industrial facilities or highways and are directly affected by noise and polluting emissions.

围栏社区：居住在污染工业设施或高速公路附近、直接受到噪音和污染排放影响的人群。

Social determinants of health: Non-medical factors that influence health outcomes. They include the conditions in the environments where people are born and live, like access to healthy foods, green spaces, and safe schools. Social determinants of health affect quality of life and a wide range of health outcomes and risks.

健康的社会决定因素：影响健康结果的非医学因素。包括人们出生和生活环境中的条件，如健康食品、绿色空间和安全学校的可及性。健康的社会决定因素影响生活质量和广泛的健康结果与风险。

Resilience Planning / 韧性规划

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Climate risk: The potential adverse consequences of a climate-related hazard.	气候风险：与气候相关的危害可能造成的不利后果。
Climate risk assessment: A forward-looking analysis or estimate of the specific consequences of a hazard.	气候风险评估：对危害特定后果的前瞻性分析或估计。
Hazard assessment: An assessment that helps identify the highest-priority hazards by combining climate projections (the purview of climatologists and regulators) with site-specific conditions (the purview of planners, site engineers, and landscape designers).	危害评估：通过将气候预测（气候学家和监管机构职责范围）与场地特定条件（规划师、场地工程师和景观设计师职责范围）相结合，帮助识别最高优先级危害的评估。
Hazards: Events or conditions that pose risks to people, businesses, or the built environment. Hazards to projects and communities may include floods, tornadoes, heat waves, wildfires, or even invasive species infestations.	危害：对人员、企业或建成环境构成风险的事件或条件。项目和社区面临的危害可能包括洪水、龙卷风、热浪、野火，甚至入侵物种侵害。
Resilience: The capacity of a community, business, building, or natural environment to prevent, withstand, respond to, and recover from a disruption.	韧性：社区、企业、建筑或自然环境预防、抵御、应对中断并从中恢复的能力。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Climate risk: The potential adverse consequences of a climate-related hazard.

气候风险：与气候相关的危害可能造成的不利后果。

Climate risk assessment: A forward-looking analysis or estimate of the specific consequences of a hazard.

气候风险评估：对危害特定后果的前瞻性分析或估计。

Hazard assessment: An assessment that helps identify the highest-priority hazards by combining climate projections (the purview of climatologists and regulators) with site-specific conditions (the purview of planners, site engineers, and landscape designers).

危害评估：通过将气候预测（气候学家和监管机构职责范围）与场地特定条件（规划师、场地工程师和景观设计师职责范围）相结合，帮助识别最高优先级危害的评估。

Hazards: Events or conditions that pose risks to people, businesses, or the built environment. Hazards to projects and communities may include floods, tornadoes, heat waves, wildfires, or even invasive species infestations.

危害：对人员、企业或建成环境构成风险的事件或条件。项目和社区面临的危害可能包括洪水、龙卷风、热浪、野火，甚至入侵物种侵害。

Resilience: The capacity of a community, business, building, or natural environment to prevent, withstand, respond to, and recover from a disruption.

韧性：社区、企业、建筑或自然环境预防、抵御、应对中断并从中恢复的能力。

Carbon Emissions / 碳排放

English（英文原文）	中文（中文翻译）
Embodied carbon emissions: Carbon emissions that arise from the manufacturing, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal of the materials used in building projects.	隐含碳排放：建筑项目中使用的材料在制造、运输、安装、维护和处置过程中产生的碳排放。
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (also known as carbon emissions): The release of gases that trap solar energy (heat) in Earth's atmosphere and prevent that heat from bouncing back into space. This is called the greenhouse effect, which is where greenhouse gases (GHGs) get their name.	温室气体（GHG）排放（也称为碳排放）：将太阳能量（热量）截留在地球大气中并阻止其反射回太空的气体的释放。这被称为温室效应，温室气体由此得名。
Operational carbon emissions: Carbon emissions that result from the day-to-day operation of the project, including from on-site combustion and grid-supplied electricity.	运营碳排放：项目日常运营产生的碳排放，包括现场燃烧和电网供电产生的排放。

English（英文原文）

中文（中文翻译）

Embodied carbon emissions: Carbon emissions that arise from the manufacturing, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal of the materials used in building projects.

隐含碳排放：建筑项目中使用的材料在制造、运输、安装、维护和处置过程中产生的碳排放。

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (also known as carbon emissions): The release of gases that trap solar energy (heat) in Earth's atmosphere and prevent that heat from bouncing back into space. This is called the greenhouse effect, which is where greenhouse gases (GHGs) get their name.

温室气体（GHG）排放（也称为碳排放）：将太阳能量（热量）截留在地球大气中并阻止其反射回太空的气体的释放。这被称为温室效应，温室气体由此得名。

Operational carbon emissions: Carbon emissions that result from the day-to-day operation of the project, including from on-site combustion and grid-supplied electricity.

运营碳排放：项目日常运营产生的碳排放，包括现场燃烧和电网供电产生的排放。