| ENERGY EFFICIENCY |
能效 |
- Energy-efficient building: A building that uses less energy than other buildings to perform the same tasks or produce the same results because its systems perform well.
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- 节能建筑：因其系统性能优良，在执行相同任务或产生相同结果时比其他建筑使用更少能源的建筑。
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| THE BUILDING ENVELOPE |
建筑围护结构 |
- Building envelope: The components, such as roofs, walls, windows and foundation, that separate a building's interior from the exterior.
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- 建筑围护结构：将建筑内部与外部隔开的组件，如屋顶、墙体、窗户和基础。
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- R-value: The measure of a building envelope material's resistance to conductive heat flow. A higher R-value means greater insulating effectiveness.
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- R值：衡量建筑围护结构材料对传导热流阻力的指标。R值越高意味着隔热效果越好。
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- Thermal bridges: Places in the building envelope where materials that conduct heat cause unwanted heat loss in cold weather and unwanted heat gain in hot weather.
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- 热桥：建筑围护结构中导热材料导致冷天不必要热损失和热天不必要热增益的位置。
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| HVAC SYSTEMS |
暖通空调系统 |
- Energy-recovery ventilation: A ventilation system that uses the outgoing air to help condition the incoming air.
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- 能量回收通风：利用排出空气帮助调节进入空气的通风系统。
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- Ventilation: The exchange of air between the indoors and outdoors. Passive ventilation uses architectural features; mechanical ventilation uses mechanical systems.
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- 通风：室内和室外之间的空气交换。被动通风利用建筑特征；机械通风使用机械系统。
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| LIGHTING |
照明 |
- Connected lighting power (lighting power density): A measure of how much power per square foot or square meter would be used if all the lights were on.
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- 连接照明功率（照明功率密度）：如果所有灯都打开时每平方英尺或平方米将使用的功率量。
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| PLUG AND PROCESS LOADS |
插头与工艺负荷 |
- Parasitic loads: The power draw of plug loads when devices are turned off.
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- Plug load: The electrical current drawn by all equipment connected through a wall outlet.
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- 插头负荷：通过墙壁插座连接的所有设备所消耗的电流。
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- Process energy: Heat or electricity consumed in support of a manufacturing, industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces.
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- 工艺能源：用于支持制造、工业或商业工艺（而非调节空间）所消耗的热能或电力。
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| ENERGY DEMAND AND PEAK LOADS |
能源需求与峰值负荷 |
- Energy demand: The amount of energy that needs to be available to operate the project. Also known as load.
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- 能源需求：运行项目所需的可利用能源量。也称为负荷。
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- Peak demand: The maximum amount of thermal energy or electrical power that must be available at a specific point in time.
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| COMMISSIONING |
调试 |
- Commissioning (Cx): The process of verifying and documenting that a project and all its systems are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained according to project requirements.
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- 调试（Cx）：验证和记录项目及其所有系统按照项目要求进行规划、设计、安装、测试、运行和维护的过程。
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- Owner's project requirements (OPR): A written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria the owner has prioritized.
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- 业主项目要求（OPR）：详细说明业主优先考虑的想法、概念和标准的书面文件。
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| CARBON EMISSIONS |
碳排放 |
- Decarbonization: The process of reducing or eliminating greenhouse gas emissions.
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| REFRIGERANTS |
制冷剂 |
- Global warming potential (GWP): A measure of how much energy one ton of a gas will absorb over a given period of time relative to CO₂.
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- 全球变暖潜势（GWP）：衡量一吨气体在给定时期内相对于CO₂所吸收能量的指标。
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| BUILDING ELECTRIFICATION |
建筑电气化 |
- Electrification: The process of replacing non-electric energy sources with electricity.
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- Heat pump: A type of HVAC system that draws thermal energy out of water, air, or the ground into a refrigerant and then transfers that heat to another place.
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- 热泵：从水、空气或地面中提取热能到制冷剂中然后将热量转移到另一个地方的暖通空调系统。
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| GRID INTERACTIVITY |
电网互动 |
- Demand response: A change in a project's normal electricity-use patterns triggered by a signal from a grid operator.
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- 需求响应：由电网运营商的信号触发的项目正常用电模式的变化。
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- Energy storage: The ability to store electrical or thermal energy on site.
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| RENEWABLE ENERGY |
可再生能源 |
- Renewable energy certificates (RECs): Purchased certificates that fund the production of off-site renewable energy. Also known as energy attribute certificates (EACs).
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- 可再生能源证书（RECs）：购买的证书，用于资助场外可再生能源的生产。也称为能源属性证书（EACs）。
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- Islanding: Separating one part of an electric grid from the main power network, making it its own disconnected grid.
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- 孤岛运行：将电网的一部分从主电网中分离，使其成为独立的断开电网。
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